请假 请病假 请事假 休假 假期 准假 如何用地道的英语表达

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下面是含有请假的地道的英语表达法

ask for leave:请假
go home on leave; 请假回家
ask for a sick leave of three days 请三天病假
to take a month's  paid / unpaid leave     带薪/不带薪休假一个月
   soldiers home  on leave     回家休假的士兵
   to be on  maternity / study leave     休产假；脱产进修
   How much  annual leave do you get?    你们的年假有多长？


I've applied for three days' leave.
我已经请了三天假
on leave
navy officers home on leave
休假回家的海军军官
  Your basic annual leave is 20 days.
你的年假起点是二十天。

She's been given leave of absence to attend a computer course.
她获准休假去参加计算机培训课程。

maternity / sick / compassionate leave,  time that you are allowed to spend away from work because you have had a baby, because you are ill, or because of a personal problem such as the death of a relative
• 产假/病假/事假

请假：Take a day off.
请病假：take a sick day.
请事假：Take a personal day.

如果打电话请病假，可以说一个地道的英语，call in sick， 比如：
Rachael called in sick (=telephoned to say she was too ill to come to work) .
  雷切尔打电话来请病假。

来自于 call in的用法：
to telephone somewhere, especially the place where you work, to tell them where you are, what you are doing etc  〔尤指向工作单位〕打电话汇报

可以用off表示休假，再加一个sick：
Peter has  been off sick (= away from work because he is ill) for two weeks.
   彼得因病两周没上班了。 （彼得请病假两周了。）

take 用来表示请假：
take a day off 请一天假
take a sick day 请病假
take a personal day 请事假

cab

extra time off in lieu of payment
  代替报酬的额外休假

abc

furlough
fur·lough  / ˈfəːləu; NAmE ˈfəːrlou /
noun
[U, C]
1. permission to leave your duties for a period of time, especially for soldiers working in a foreign country
   (尤指在国外服役士兵的)休假(许可)
2. (NAmE)  permission for a prisoner to leave prison for a period of time
   (犯人的)准假
3. (NAmE)  a period of time during which workers are told not to come to work, usually because there is not enough money to pay them
   (通常因发不出工资而给的)准假
• fur·lough verb
  ▪ [VN]

furlough
fur∙lough / ˈfɚlo ; ˈfɜːləʊ /
◙noun [C,U]
1. a period of time when a soldier or someone working in another country can return to their own country
• 〔在国外服役士兵的〕休假期;
【SYN】 leave
»a young soldier home on furlough
  回国休假的年轻士兵
2.  [AmE] a period of time when workers are told not to work, especially because there is not enough money to pay them
• 停工期，歇工期〔尤因发不出工资〕;
--› layoff :
»workers forced to take a long, unpaid furlough
  被迫长期停薪休假的工人
3.  [AmE] a short period of time during which a prisoner is allowed to leave prison before returning
• 〔犯人的〕准假期:
»Morton stabbed the man while on furlough .
  莫顿在准假期里用刀捅了人。
♦furlough verb [T]  [AmE] :
»280,000 federal workers have been furloughed.
  28 万联邦雇员被停工。