run afoul of sth 违法乱纪，(与法律、规章等)相抵触，有冲突；afoul和foul用法区别

bca

afoul
afoul / əˈfaul /
adverb
(NAmE)
IDIOMS
▪ run a'foul of sth
   to do sth that is not allowed by a law or rule or sth that people in authority disapprove of
   (与法律、规章等)相抵触,有冲突:
   to run afoul of the law
   违犯法律

a∙foul
/ əˈfaul ; əˈfaʊl /
◙adv
1. [formal] to do something that is not allowed or legal, or that is against people's beliefs
• 和某人有冲突; 和某事物相抵触

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afoul是副词，区别形容词 foul
foul
foul / faul /
adjective
(foul·er, foul·est)
1. dirty and smelling bad
   肮脏恶臭的；难闻的:
    foul air / breath
   污浊难闻的空气/气息
   a  foul-smelling prison
   臭烘烘的监狱
⇨ note at disgusting
2. (especially BrE) very unpleasant; very bad
   很令人不快的；很坏的:
   She's in a  foul mood.
   她的情绪很糟。
   His boss has a  foul temper.
   他的老板脾气很坏。
   This tastes foul.
   这个味道难吃。
⇨ note at terrible
3. (of language 语言) including rude words and swearing
   充满脏话的；辱骂性的；下流的
   SYN   offensive :
    foul language
   脏话
   I'm sick of her foul mouth (= habit of swearing).
   我讨厌她一开口就骂人的那张臭嘴。
   He called her the foulest names imaginable.
   他用最下流的话骂她。
4. (of weather 天气) very bad, with strong winds and rain
   恶劣的；风雨交加的:
   a foul night
   风雨交加的夜晚
5. (literary)  very evil or cruel
   邪恶的；残忍的
   SYN  abominable :
   a  foul crime / murder
   邪恶的罪行；恶毒的谋杀
• foul·ly / ˈfaulli / adv.:
   He swore foully.
   他恶毒地诅咒。
   She had been foully murdered during the night.
   她在夜间被残忍地谋杀了。
• foul·ness noun [U] :
   The air was heavy with the stink of damp and foulness.
   空气中有一股潮湿的恶臭味。
IDIOMS
▪ fall foul of 'sb / 'sth
   to get into trouble with a person or an organization because of doing sth wrong or illegal
   (因做错事或不法行为)与…发生麻烦,与…产生纠葛,冒犯:
   to fall foul of the law
   触犯了法律
⇨ more at fair adj., cry v.

verb
1. [VN] (in sport 体育运动) to do sth to another player that is against the rules of the game
   (对对手)犯规:
   He was fouled inside the penalty area.
   在罚球区内对方队员对他犯规。
2. [V VN] (in baseball  棒球)  to hit the ball outside the playing area
   击球出界
3. [VN] to make sth dirty, usually with waste material
   (通常用废物)弄脏,污染:
   Do not permit your dog to foul the grass.
   禁止狗在草地便溺。
4. ~ (sth) (up) to become caught or twisted in sth and stop it working or moving
   (被)缠住:
  ▪ [VN]
   The rope fouled the propeller.
   绳索缠住了螺旋桨。
  ▪ [V]
   A rope fouled up (= became twisted) as we pulled the sail down.
   我们收帆时有一根绳索缠住了。
PHRASAL VERBS
▪ ˌfoul 'up (informal)
   to make a lot of mistakes; to do sth badly
   大量出错；搞糟:
   I've fouled up badly again, haven't I?
   我又搞砸了,是不是？
⇨ related noun foul-up
▪ ˌfoul sth ↔ 'up (informal)
   to spoil sth, especially by doing sth wrong
   把…搞糟；弄乱
⇨ related noun foul-up

noun  
(in sport 体育运动) an action that is against the rules of the game
   犯规:
   It was a clear foul by Ford on the goalkeeper.
   这明显是福特对守门员犯规。
   (NAmE) to hit a foul (= in baseball , a ball that is too far left or right, outside the lines that mark the side of the field)
   (棒球)击球出界
⇨ see also professional foul