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本帖最后由 Carolyn 于 2025-4-11 18:55 编辑
Carl had met plenty of men like that over the years, and given enough time, he had broken every single one of them.
分析这里“given”的用法。
Great question! Let's break it down.
✅ 句子回顾:Carl had met plenty of men like that over the years, and given enough time, he had broken every single one of them.
关键词解释:"given"在这个句子里,“given enough time” 的意思是:
“如果有足够的时间的话”
或者更自然地说,“在有足够时间的情况下”
✅ 用法说明:given + 名词/短语这种结构在英语中很常见,用来表示一个“已知条件”或“前提”。
它其实是省略了:"If (someone is) given enough time"
但在写作中,经常省略成这种简洁形式:
"Given enough time..."
类似用法举例:- Given the chance, he could have become a great leader.
➤ 如果有机会,他本可以成为一位伟大的领袖。 - Given the circumstances, we did the best we could.
➤ 考虑到当时的情况,我们已经尽力了。 - Given her experience, she’s the perfect candidate for the job.
➤ 鉴于她的经验,她是这个职位的最佳人选。
回到原句翻译:多年来,Carl 遇到过很多那样的男人,如果时间充足,他就能一个个地摧毁他们。
(暗示他有操控或诱导的能力,只要时间允许)
如果你想,我可以帮你把“given”这种结构做成一个小练习表或者口语句型练习?
在 “given enough time” 这个结构里,“given” 虽然来源于过去分词,但在语法上其实更像是一个介词或介词短语的引导词。我们来详细拆解一下这个现象。
✅ 结论:在这种用法中,“given” 被当作一种介词(preposition-like participle)使用。
它引导一个条件状语,相当于 "considering..." 或 "if ... is given"。
分析:原始结构(完整句):If Carl was given enough time, he would break them.
这是一个典型的条件句。
简化为:Given enough time, he would break them.
现在就成了一个“非谓语引导的条件状语”结构。
虽然“given”形式上是过去分词,但功能上相当于一个介词,在句中引导一个“条件”或“原因”的状语。
✅ 所以我们可以理解为:原词性 | 形式 | 功能 | 过去分词 | given | 在这里做“介词短语”的引导词 | 语法功能 | 条件状语 | 相当于“if...”、“considering...” |
常见这种结构的词还有:[td]分词介词形式 | 含义 | 例句 | given | 鉴于 / 如果 | Given his age, he’s very strong. | considering | 鉴于 | Considering the weather, we stayed in. | assuming | 假设 | Assuming everything goes well, we’ll finish by 5. | granted | 假定 / 理所当然 | Granted that he's young, he's very capable. | providing / provided | 如果 | Provided you work hard, you’ll succeed. |
需要我帮你做成一个对照表或练习题吗?
整理一个关于 “given” 等分词介词用法 的口语练习表格,来熟练掌握这些“分词介词”用法,帮助你理解并应用在真实对话或写作中。
分词介词用法练习表(Participial Prepositions)分词介词 | 中文意思 | 示例句(口语练习) | given | 如果……,鉴于…… | Given the chance, I'd totally go travel the world. (如果有机会,我一定去环游世界。) | considering | 考虑到……,鉴于…… | Considering the traffic, we still got here pretty fast. (考虑到堵车,我们还是挺快到的。) | assuming | 假设…… | Assuming it doesn't rain, we'll have the picnic tomorrow. (如果不下雨,我们明天就野餐。) | provided / providing | 如果……,只要…… | Provided you study, you'll pass easily. (只要你学习,你肯定能通过。) | granted | 即使……也……(让步) | Granted he's young, he's really mature. (虽然他很年轻,但真的很成熟。) |
小贴士记忆:这些词虽然是过去分词形式,但功能上就是介词,后面接名词或短语,不需要再加动词。
小练习(口语填空):- ______ you had more time, what would you do?
- ______ the situation, we handled it pretty well.
- ______ that you're tired, do you still want to go out?
- ______ the weather is good, we'll go hiking.
- ______ your help, I couldn't have finished it.
(如果你想我来提供答案,或者帮你做成 PDF 表格或打印卡片,也可以告诉我!
要不要我也顺便加点中英互译练习?
太棒啦!下面是为你专门整理的 中英互译练习表:分词介词用法,适合做口语训练,也适合默写、翻译练习,帮助你灵活掌握这些常用表达!
中英互译练习表:Participial Prepositions[td]编号 | 中文句子 | 英文句子(参考答案) | 1 | 如果有机会,我想尝试跳伞。 | Given the chance, I’d like to try skydiving. | 2 | 考虑到她才来三个月,她的英语已经进步很大了。 | Considering she’s only been here for 3 months, her English is great. | 3 | 假设一切顺利,我们可以提前完成项目。 | Assuming everything goes well, we can finish the project early. | 4 | 如果你努力学习,你就能通过考试。 | Provided you study hard, you’ll pass the test. | 5 | 虽然他很年轻,但他已经是一位很有经验的程序员了。 | Granted he’s young, he’s already an experienced programmer. |
练习方式建议:- ✅ 先看中文 → 尝试自己翻成英文
- ✅ 再对照右边英文参考句 → 检查语法和表达
- ✅ 可大声朗读,培养语感
- ✅ 默写练习也可用来训练写作
把这些内容整理成 PDF 表格方便打印或学习。
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